David was the second and the greatest of the Kings of the Israelites.
He is vividlly described in the First and Second Book of Samuel
(otherwise called, by some, the First and Second Book of Kings) and elsewhere in the Old Testament. The Books of Samuel takes their name from the prophet Samuel, whose lifetime saw the end of the period of the judges and the beginning of Israel's kingship.
Chapters 9 to 20 of the Second Book of Samuel gives a masterfully written family history of David.
As a boy David killed the giant Goliath of the Philistines.
Saul was anointed by Samuel as the first king of Israel. He was successful in his early years as king but eventually began to disobey God. He became mentally unbalanced and lashed out those closest to him, above all his armorbearer and son-in-law, David. David had to flee, becoming leader of an armed band which roamed about Palestine until the death of Saul in a battle against the Philistines.
After Saul died, David was asked to assume the kingship over the tribe of Judah. The other tribes, however, followed Saul's son, Ishbaal, and for seven years there was war between Ishbaal's army, led by Abner, and David's soldiers, led by Joab. After a quarrel with Ishbal, Abner pledged his loyalty to David. He was, however, murdered by Joab and Ishbaal was assasinated. The tribes of Israel then claimed David as king. (2 Samuel 1:1 - 5:5).
King David greatly expanded the land of Israel and gave the Israelites security.
Most of the Psalms were written by David.
The Book of Psalms.
Most of the Psalms were written, with Divine Inspiration, by the Prophet David.
Some of the psalms are particularly popular with christians. Examples are:
Psalm 22
(or Psalm 23 in some versions of the Holy Bible.)
The Lord, Shepherd and Host.
The Lord is my shepherd;
I shall not want...
Psalm 8The Majesty of God
and the Dignity of Man.
For the leader; "upon the gittith."
A psalm of David.
O Lord, our Lord.
How glorious is Your name
over all the earth.
When I behold Your heavens,
the work of Your fingers,
the moon and stars which You set in place -
What is man that You should be mindful of him,
or the son of man that You should care for him?
You have made him little less than the angels,
and crowned him with glory and honor.
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Cantate Domino
(Hassler).